Winter in the Squam area brings many fun recreational activities on the ice, such as ice skating, fishing, and kiting. With the recent drops in temperature, the lakes are beautifully covered in ice. But how can you determine when it’s safe to be out there?
The U.S. Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Laboratory in Hanover, NH recommends the following guidelines for ice thickness:
Minimum of six inches of hard ice for foot travel. Some sources suggest four inches of thick, clear ice is sufficient, but it’s always best to err on the side of caution.
Eight to ten inches of hard ice for snowmobiles or ATVs.
Understanding Ice Types
Not all ice is created equal. Ice strength depends on its type:
Clear blue or black ice: The strongest type, formed directly from lake water freezing.
White opaque ice: Weaker, formed from snow partially melting and refreezing on the surface.
Gray or honeycomb ice: Very weak, prone to breaking easily as it forms during cycles of daytime warming and nighttime cooling.
White and gray mottled ice: The weakest type, typically found late in the season just before the ice melts completely.
When judging ice safety, focus on the thickness of clear blue or black ice. For instance, six inches of ice composed of three inches of clear ice topped by three inches of white ice would not be considered safe. Remember the saying: “Thick and blue, tried and true; white and crispy, way too risky.”
Ice Safety Tips
Stay away from areas with moving water: Ice over running water can vary greatly in thickness and strength. Avoid inlets, outlets, and areas around bubblers at docks and marinas.
Plan ahead:
Consult locals about safe areas.
Inform someone of your plans and expected return time.
Carry a cell phone, rope, and a headlamp for emergencies.
Wear warm layers, a life jacket, and ice picks.
Bring cleats to avoid being stranded if walking against the wind.
Travel with a buddy, maintaining some distance between you.
Test the ice frequently with a spud bar to check for thickness and quality.
Keep pets on a leash, and never attempt to rescue them if they fall in—call for professional help instead.
Use common sense: Be aware of your surroundings and the changing conditions of the ice.
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